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IJEETC 2025 Vol.14(1): 1-12
doi: 10.18178/ijeetc.14.1.1-12

Deep Learning Aided Resource Allocation in Hybrid NOMA-Enabled Overloaded Systems

Simon Chege* and Tom Walingo
Discipline of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, University of Kwa Zulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
Email: schegemathinji@gmail.com (S.C.), walingo@ukzn.ac.za (T.W.)
*Corresponding author

Manuscript received July 3 2024; revised September 4, 2024; accepted September 30, 2024

Abstract—Beyond 5G (B5G) networks will deploy hybrid multi-radio access technologies for improved Spectrum Efficiency (SE) and Energy Efficiency (EE). For further capacity enhancement, code and power domain multiplexing are applied on hybrid Power Domain Sparse Code Nonorthogonal Multiple Access (PD-SCMA) schemes. In order to realize optimal performance, robust Resource Allocation (RA) policies are required with the best candidate for the complex overloaded B5G systems based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. This work develops a deep neural network (DNN) aided resource allocation scheme for an uplink PD-SCMA network with Near-User (NU) and Far- User (FU) groups, multiplexed in the power and code domain. The RA problem is formulated as a non-convex joint optimization problem then decomposed into three subproblems namely Codebook Assignment (CA), User Clustering (UC) and power allocation (PA). For the three sub-problems, a three-stage generic fully connected DNN is trained to approximate the PA, CA and UC resource allocation solution by the proposed modified Primal-Dual Interior Point Method (mPD-IPM). The proposed mPD-IPM generates the near-optimal RA solutions that form the DNN input labels. The DNN-mPD-IPM not only greatly enhances the computational efficiency but also achieves improved convergence rates and guarantees both the ergodic and nonergodic sum rates of the system compared to generic algorithms. Simulation results show that the DNN aided resource allocation closely learns the system capacity and computational performance of the proposed mPD-IPM and further outperforms generic RA algorithms. Compared to cross-layer codebooks, mPD-IPM and DNN-mPD-IPM achieves approximately 19% higher capacity. The proposed DNN-mPD-IPM that learns to approximate the proposed mPD-IPM has an execution time that is approximately 70% lower than mPD-IPM.

 
Index Terms—Deep neural networks, Power Domain Sparse Code Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (PD-SCMA), primaldual interior point method, resource allocation, system capacity

Cite: Simon Chege and Tom Walingo, "Deep Learning Aided Resource Allocation in Hybrid NOMA-Enabled Overloaded Systems," International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering & Telecommunications, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 1-12, 2025. doi: 10.18178/ijeetc.14.1.1-12

Copyright © 2025 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the article is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.